sábado, 1 de marzo de 2025
Y las ratitas resultaron convincentes: el roedor Lohengrin del Festival de Bayreuth de 2011.
The convincing "Rattengrin": the 2011 Hans Neuenfels's controversial Lohengrin staging at Bayreuth.
Preparing for the Lohengrin performances at the Great Teatre del Liceu in Barcelona this month, I watched video of the famous Hans Neuenfels' staging for this opera at the 2011 Bayreuth Festival. Neuenfels's work is a landmark for regietheater in Germany. His Lohengrin staging in Bayreuth even started a curious zoomorphic tradition in this opera, since Yuval Sharon's current production gives insect wings to the characters' costumes.
Many Wagnerians have strongly protested against this production, which in its first season featured Jonas Kaufmann, but the following years the title role was sung by Klaus Florian Vogt, the most sought-after Lohengrin of his time, although he is not the most suitable for several opera fans. But other wagnerians find Neuenfels' one excellent. After watching it, I did too. I confess that I have a terrible fear of rats since the age of five, so my predisposition was bad.
However, I was pleasantly surprised: Neuenfels exploits the psychologies of the characters effectively in the most intimate and psychological scenes, thus the duo of the villains in the second act and the great love duet in the third act by the protagonists, have a convincing theatrical force, being totally faithful to the libretto. Lohengrin creates a world by experimenting with laboratory rats, which will end up becoming human. But the result, naturally, ends up getting out of hand.
In each prelude, there is an animated illustration of rats emerging from a pack, to fight over a crown. First it is a white rat, then a grey one, then a pink one. In certain scenes, a screen appears on which they are projected, probably for the audience who would not see them projected during the overture. Halfway through the prelude, Lohengrin appears, pushing against a wall, and exhausted and mentally defeated when he has pushed it to the back. In the first act, the rats (portrayed by the chorus) appear, and the herald who has rodent legs. The King does not seem to be happy with his situation, maybe because of the task of having to dispense justice to these rodents. Elsa makes her appearance in an elegant white suit and carrying suction cup arrows at her back, an allegory of the people's blames of murdering her brother.
Telramund and Ortrud are dressed in shiny grey suits and having a brutal attitude, especially Ortrud, who is here an unpleasant, surly woman, sometimes verging on exaggeration. Elsa, on the other hand, is a frightened, fragile woman who never seems to be happy. In the duel scene, they take off their rat costumes, except for their heads, to wear yellow suits. Lohengrin makes his appearance accompanied by some rats carrying a coffin, with a swan sit inside, which at the end of the act appears bald.
In the second act, Elsa appears kissing a swan, an allegory of Lohengrin. In the change of scene, we see some little rats fighting against the doctors, who finally immobilize them and inject them with something that makes them aggressive. The male chorus has abandoned the rat costumes for black suits with jackets, but keeping the paws and claws, and the female chorus for brightly coloured suits, and keeping the tail, which the men caress with tenderness and lasciviousness. Elsa and Ortrud wear long-tailed suits, black and white respectively.
In the third act, the rats sing and dance cheerfully to the tune of the famous wedding chorus, to then give way to Lohengrin and Elsa, barefoot, dressed in white and smiling, and in the background a white room with chairs and a bed. The love duet is possibly the best moment of the production, as the characters express their feelings in a convincing way. The moments when Lohengrin tries to kiss or hug Elsa, but she jumps up with an impertinence or a question, are very funny because of the annoyed faces of the hero, something the character a touch of modernity. A curious anecdote is that throughout the video I saw the singers sweating, probably because of the heat. It is amazing that they do not faint from due to the heat generated by wearing so much clothing. Having been there last summer, I understand them. In the final scene, everyone gets rid of their rat costumes, they all dress in strict black, as black as the scene: Lohengrin tells his truth and it is not an exciting revelation, but rather something gloomy. In fact, Ortrud is now the only one dressed in white. In the end, Lohengrin reveals the swan, which is not a swan at all, but a huge egg, which, after being turned over, reveals a horrible fetus with a huge head and a huge belly, at the sight of which everyone faints and crawls on the ground, while the fetus (which is Gottfried, Elsa's brother) throws pieces of its umbilical cord at them. As the music ends, Lohengrin moves forward, and the curtain falls. His experiment is a total fail.
Andris Nelsons's conducting is fabulous, making the spectacular orchestra sound powerful, and it sounds quite inspired. The large chorus under the direction of Eberhard Friedrich overcomes the enormous challenge of singing dressed in those heavy rat suits.
In the role of Lohengrin, Klaus Florian Vogt was at the peak of his career. The voice is what it is, it is too lyrical, white, angelic. In fact, in the first two acts, a certain heroism in his tone is missed, and the singing seems monochrome, although it emits beautiful pianissimos. However, it is in the duet of the third act that he seems to keep the best his singing for, because it sounds keeping with the tenderness and intimacy of the music. In the In Fernem Land and the finale he achieves a beautiful interpretation, although it must be admitted that there have been better ones. As an actor he gives himself over to the staging.
Anette Dasch is a well-sung Elsa and as an actress she convinces as a beautiful but frightened woman. Jukka Rasilainen manages to portray a resentful Telramund, but his voice is light and a low note is missing.
Petra Lang commands the role of Ortrud, creating a surly, aggressive, unpleasant archvillain who always convinces by force, with only her gaze being enough to do so. Musically she is committed, although the high notes sound open at times.
The most complete singers have been King Heinrich by the always excellent Georg Zeppenfeld and the Herald by Samuel Youn, a bass-baritone with more low notes than Rasilainen's Telramund, and a firm, well projected low voice.
Despite the misgivings caused by the sight of the little rats, this production is very well crafted and it can be considered theatre of the highest level. I could never have imagined that I would find it by far more interesting than the beautiful current staging in blue, which will be done in the 2025 edition again.